What are the Essential Positions to know for the NCLEX-RN Exam?

Reference from: NCLEX RN KAPLAN 2007-08


Positions Therapeutic Function


Flat (supine)

• Avoids hip flexion, which can compress

Dorsal Recumbent

• Supine with knees flexed; more comfortable

Side Lateral

• Allows drainage of oral secretions

Side with leg bent (Sim's)

• Allows drainage of oral secretions

Side with leg bent (Sim's)

• Allows drainage of oral secretions; decreases abdominal secretions
  

Head elevated (Fowler's)

• Increases venous return; allows maximal lung expansion

1. High Fowler's: 60 - 90 degrees
2. Fowler's: 45 - 60 degrees
3. Semi Fowler's: 30 45 degrees
4. Low Fowler's: 15 - 30 degrees
   

Feet and legs elevated

• Increases blood return to heart; relieves pressure on lumbrosacral area

Feet elevated and head lowered (Trendelenbur's)

• Used to insert CVP line, or for treatment of umbilical cord compression

Feet elevated 20 degrees, knees straight, trunk flat, and head slightly elevated (modified Trendelenburg's)

• Increases venous return; used for shock

Elevation of extremity

• Increases venous return. Increases blood volume to extremity

Flat on back, thighs flexed, legs abducted

• Increases vaginal opening for examination

Prone

• Promotes extention of hip joint. Not well tolerated by persons with respiratory or cardiovascular difficulties

Knee-chest

• Provides maximal visualizatio n of rectal area